Syllabus
M.Sc., M.Phil. and Ph.D. Courses
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
Dhaka-1000,
A : COURSES IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS
Phy 6001 Quantum
Mechanics Credit-3 Hrs
Schrodinger wave equation : One dimensional problem, particle in
a box, tunnelling through a potential barrier, linear
harmonic oscillator, K-P model; Particle in a central potendial:
Hydrogen atom; WKB approximation method; Perturbation theory for degenerate
& non-degenerate cases: First and second order perturbation, applications-Zeeman effect & Stark effect; Time dependent
perturbation theory; Variation method: Application to He atom & van der Waals interaction between two
hydrogen atoms; Spin Pauli spin materices;
Dirac equation: System of identical particles; many
electron system-Hatree & Hatree-Fock
approximation.
Phy 6002 Low
Temperature Physics and Vacuum Techniques Credit-3 Hrs
Production of low temperature; Thermodynamics
of liquefaction; Joule-Thompson liquefiers; Cryogenic system design: Cryostat
design, heat transfer, temperature control, adiabatic demagnetization;
Different types of pumps: rotary, diffusion and ion pumps, pumping speeds,
conductance & molecular flow; Vacuum gauges: Mclead
gauge, thermal conducitivity ionization gauges;
Cryogenic thermometry: gas & vapour pressure
thermometers, resistance, semiconductor and diode capacitance thermometers,
thermocouples, magnetic thermometry.
Phy 6003 Physics of
Semiconductors and Superconductors Credit
-3 Hrs
Intrinsic, extrinsic, and degnerate
semiconductors; Density of states in a magnetic field; Transport properties of
semiconductors; thermo-electric effect, thermomagnetic
effect, Piezo-electric resistance, high frequency
conductivity; contact phenomena in semiconductors: metal-semiconductor
contacts, p-n junction, etc. Optical and photoelectrical phenomena in
semiconductors: light absorption by free charge, charge carriers, lattices, and
electrons in a localized states, photoresistive
effect, Dember effect, photovoltaic effect, Faraday effect, etc.
Phenomena of superconductivity: Pippard's non-local electrodynamics, thermodynamics of
superconducting phase transition; Ginzburg-Landau
theory; Type-I and type-II superconductors, Cooper pairs; BCS theory; Hubbard
model, RVB theory, Ceramic superconductors: synthesis, composition, structures;
Thermal and transport properties: Normal state transport properties, specific
heat; role of phonon, interplay between magnetism and superconductivity:
Possible mechanism other than electron-phonon interaction for superconductivity.
Phy 6004 Polymer
Physics Credit 3 Hrs.
Introduction to macromolecular physics: The
chemical structure of polymers, Internal rotations, Configurations, and
Conformations, Flexibility of macromolecules, Morphology of polymers; Modern Concept
of polymer structure: Physical methods of investigatiing
polymer structure such as XRD, UV-VIS, IR, SEM, DTA/TGA, DSC, etc., the
structure of crystalline polymers; The physical states of polymers: The rubbery
state, Elasticity, etc.; The glassy state, Glass transition temperature, etc.,
Viscosity of polymers; Advanced polymeric materials: Plasma polymerization,
Properties and application of plasma-polymerized organic thin films; Polymer
blends and composites: Compounding and mixing of polymer, Their properties of
application; Electrical properties of polymers: Basic theory of the dielectric
properties of polymers, Dielectric properties of structure of cyrstalline and amorphous polymers.
Phy 6005
Lattice dynamics of one, two & three
dimensional lattices, specific heat, elastic constants, phonon dispersion
relations, localized modes; Dielectric and optical properties of insulators: a.c. conductivity dielectric constant, dielectric losses;
Transport theory: Free electron theory of solids: density of states, Fermi
sphere, Electrons in a periodic potential; Band theory of solids: Nearly free
electron theory, tight binding approximation, Brillouin
zones, effective mass of electrons and holes.
Phy 6006 X-ray Credit - 3 Hrs.
Reciprocal lattice, structure factor and its
application; X-ray diffraction from a crystal; X-ray techniques; Weissenberg and precession methods: Identification of
crystal structure from powder photograph and diffraction traces; Laue photograph for single crystal; geometrical &
physical factors affecting X-ray intensities; Analysis of amorphous solids and fibre textured crystal; Neutron diffraction: determination
of magnetic structure of crystals by neutron diffraction.
Phy 6007 Optical
Crystallography Credit - 3 Hrs.
The morphology of crystals, the optical
properties of crystals, the polarizing microscopy, general concept of indicatrix, isotropic and uni-axial
indicatrix, orthoscopic and
conscopic observation of interference effects, orthoscopic and conscopic
examination of crystals. Optical examination of uni-axial
and bi-axial crystals, determination of retardation and birefringence,
extinction angles, absorption and pleochroism,
determination of optical crystallographic properties.
Phy 6008 Magnetism-I
(General) Credit - 3 Hrs.
Classification of magnetic materials, Quantum
theory of paramagnetism, Pauli
paramagnetism, Properties of magnetically ordered
solids; Weiss theory of ferromagnetism, interpretation of exchange interaction
in solids, ferromagnetic domains; Technical magnetization, intrinsic
magnetization of alloys; Theory of antiferromagnetic
and ferrimagnetic ordering; Ferrimagnetic
oxides and compounds.
Phy 6009 Magnetism-II (Special) Credit-
3
Magnetic anisotropy: pair model and one ion
model of magnetic anisotropy, Phenomenology of magnetostriction,
volume amgnetostricition and form effect; Law of
approach of saturation, Structure of domain Wall, Technological applications of
magnetic materials.
Phy 6010 Physics
of Deformed Solids Credit -3
Theory of matter transport by defect
mechanism: Random walk theory and correlation effects in metals and alloys for
impurity and self-diffusion: Theory of ionic transport process, impurity defect
association, long range interactions, dielectric loss due to defect dipoles,
Internal friction, Radiation damage in metals and semiconductors, colour centres: mechanism of
production by various methods, Optical and magnetic properties and models of
different colour centre; Theoretical calculation of
atomic displacement and energies in defect lattices and amorphous solids,
stress-strain and dislocations; Elasticity theory of strees
field around edge and screw dislocations, Dislocation interactions and
reactions effects on mechanical properties.
Phy 6011 Thermodynamics
of Solids Credit -3
Properties at O.K, Gruneisen relation, Heat capacities of crystals, specific
heat arising from disorder. Rate of approach of equality, Variation of compressibility with
temperature, relation between thermal expansion and change of compressibility
with pressure. Thermodynamics of phase transformation
and chemical reactions. Thermodynamic properties of alloy system:
Factors determining the crystal structure; The Hume-Rothery
rule, the size of ions; Equilibrium between phases of variable composition,
Free energy of binary systems; Thermodynamics of surface and interfaces,
Thermodynamics of defects in solids.
Phy 6012 Experimental
Techniques in
Measurement of D.C. conductivity, dielectric
constant and dielectric loss as a function of temperature and frequency,
Magnetization measurement methods (Faraday, VSM and SQUID) magnetic anisotropy
and magnetostriction measurements, magnetic domain
observation, optical spectroscopy (UV-VIS, IR, etc.), Electron microscopy;
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA), Deposition and Growth of thin films by vacuum evaporation
Production of low temperature. Single crystal growth and
orientation. Magnetic and non-magnetic annealing;
Electron spin resonance (ESR), Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR).
Phy 6013 Physics
of Non-Crystalline Solids Credit -3
Types of disorder, amorphous and glassy
solids: formation of amorphous solids, The 'glass' transition theories,
Morphology- the primacy of short range order, Experimental techniques for
structure determination; Electronic structure of amorphous solids; Concept of
tail states, gap states and mobility gap, electronic density of states and their
determination; Optical and electrical properties of amorphous solids;
Applications in photovoltaics, optical memories,
optical communication xerography etc.
Thin films, Deposition process; Growth of
thin films: Kinetics of nucleation, mechanism of growth, etc; Defects in thin
films; Electron transport in thin films: size effect, galvanomagnetic
effects; Optical properties of thin films: thin film filters, laser mirrors;
Optical memory, etc.
Phy 6014
Basic principle: Introduction, Debye shielding, plasma parameters, collisions, Vlasov equation, fluid equations MHD theory, Plasma in
Semiconductor: Dispersion equation, drift current of charged particles, Boltzmann Kinetic equation, effective mass and band
structure, Scattering mechanisms & relaxation time. Electron plasmas in
metals: Fermi distribution and Hatree-Fock exchange
energy, dielectric response function, random phase approximation, local field
corrections & ground state energy, Electromagnetic wave in magnetized
plasma:
Phy 6015 Neutron
Scattering Credit - 3
Neutron sources, continuous and pulsed
sources, monochromatization, collimation and
moderation of neutrons, neutron detectors, scattering of neutrons and its
advantages, elastic scattering of neutrons, magnetic scattering and
determination of magnetic structure, inelastic scattering, thermal vibration of
crystal lattices, lattice dynamics and phonons.
Neutron polarization,
polarized neutron applications, scattering by liquids and molecules, Van-Hovev correlation formalism, some experimental results of
scattering by liquids and molecules, small angle neutron scattering and its
application in the study of biological molecules and defects.
Experimental techniques of
scattering measurements, Tim-of-Flight method, crystal diffraction techniques,
neutron diffractometer and triple-axis spectrometer,
constant 'Q' method.
Phy 6016 Course Title: Crystal Growth Credit :3
Introduction to crystal growth, significance
of single crystal;
Phy 6017 Course Title: Nanophysics Credit :3
Growth of nanoscale systems and their lithography, Quantum mechanical effects of nanostructures and their impacts, Two-dimensional electron gas, Quantum dots and wires, Graphene, Carbon nanotubes, Superlattices, Magnetic nanostructures, Quantum Hall effect, Coulomb blockade effect, Aharonov-Bohm effect, Conductance quantization, Weak and strong localization, Resonant tunneling, Modification of materials properties at nanoscale using high energy electrons and ions, Importance and applications of nanostructured materials, Latest and future nanoscience and nanotechnological advances and challenges.
Phy 6018 Course Title: Materials Science Credit :3
Classification of materials; Crystalline and amorphous materials; Metallic, semiconducting, insulating, dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric materials; Properties of metals and non-metals; Diffusion mechanisms: diffusion in superionic conductors, high temperature superconducting ceramics and amorphous materials; Electrical properties of alloys, ceramics and polymers; Magnetic properties of magnetoresistive, magnetocaloric and other advanced magnetic materials; Application of advanced materials; Materials of the future.
B: Courses in Health Physics, Medical Physics and Radiation
Protection
Phy 6101 Nuclear
Physics Credit - 3
Atomic structure, The nucleus, semi-empirical
mass formula and binding energy; Radioactive decay, Theories of alpha-decay,
beta-decay and gamma emission, Nuclear reaction, Fission and Fusion, Artificial
radioactivity, Accelerators, Radiation detectors.
Phy 6102 Nuclear
Reaction Credit - 3
Compound nucleus, Statistical theory, Breit-Wigner dispersion formula, Level density, Angular
distribution, Energy spectra, Resonance, Giant-resonance, Isobaric-spin,
Isobaric analogue states, Analogue resonance, Direct reaction, Inelastic
scattering, Stripping and pick-up reaction, Butler's theory, DWBA theory,
Assignment of J-values of nuclear levels.
Phy 6103 Nuclear
Model Credit -3
Shell mode, Infinite square well potential,
Harmonic oscillator potential, Spin orbit potential, Single particle model,
Independent particle model, L-S and j-j coupling, Transformation between L-S
and j-j coupling, collective model, Liquid drop model, Models of even-even
nuclei, Optical model, Kapur-Peierls dipersion formula.
Phy 6104 Physics
of Radiology Credit - 3
The production and properties of X-ray,
diagnostic and therapy x-ray tubes, X-ray circuit with rectification, Electron
interaction, characteristic radiation, Bremsstrahlung,
Angular distribution of x-rays, Quality of x-rays, Beam restricting devices,
The grid, Radiographic film, Radiographic quality, Factors affecting the image,
Image modification, Image intensification, contrast media, Modulation transfer
function, Exposure in diagnostic radiology, Fluoroscopy, computed tomography,
Ultrasound, Magnetic resonance imaging.
Phy 6105 Health
Physics Credit
- 3
Atomic and nuclear structure, Isotopes,
Binding energy and nuclear stability, Radio-activity, Specific activity, Alpha
rays, Beta rays, Gamma rays, Interaction of different radiations with matter,
Radiation dosimetry, Absorbed dose, Exposure,
Exposure measurements, Bragg-Gray principle, Kerma,
Stopping-power ratio, Energy fluence and exposure,
Internally deposited radioisotopes, Effective half-life, Does commitment, MIRD
method, Measurement of absorbed does, Film badges, Pocket dosimeter, Fricke
dosimeter, Calorimeteric method, Thermoluminescent
dosimeter (TLD).
Phy 6106 Radiation
Biophysics Credit - 3
The nucleus, Ionizing radiations, Radiation
doses, Interaction of radiation with matter, Cell structure, Radiation effects
on independent cell systems, Oxygen effect, Hyperthermia, LET and RBE, Lethal,
potentially lethal and sub-lethal radiation damage, Dose-rate effect, Acute
effects of radiation, Somatic effects, Late effects, Non-specific life
shortening and carcinogenesis, Genetic changes, Nominal standard dose (NSD),
Time dose fractionation (TDF), Standquist curve.
Phy 6107 Physics
of Radiotherapy Credit - 3
Introduction, superficial and deep x-ray
machines, teletherapy, linear acceerator,
radiation fields within a patient, single isodose
curve, multiple-field isodose curve patterns,
percentage depth dose (PDD), back-scattering factor(BSF), electron therapy,
tissue air ratio (TAR), tissue maximum ratio (TMR), treatment planning.
Phy 6108 Medical
Physics Credit -3
Introduction, forces on and in the body,
energy, work and power of the body, pressure, physics of the lungs and the
breathing, physics of the cardiovascular system, electricity within the body,
application of electricity and magnetism in medicine, physics of the ear and
hearing, physics of eyes and vision, light in medicine, sound in medicine.
Phy 6109 Reactor
Physics Credit - 3
Interactions of neutrons with matter,
cross-sections for neutron reactions, thermal neutron cross-sections, nuclear
fission, energy release in fission, neutron multiplication, nuclear chain
reaction, steady state reactor theory, criticality condition, homogeneous and
heterogeneous reactor systeem, neutron moderation,
neutron diffusion, control of nuclear reactions, coolant, types of nuclear
reactors: power reactor, research reactor, fast reactor, breeder reactor, etc.
reactor shielding.
Phy 6110 Radiation
Protection Credit - 3
Radiation protection guides, ICRP, IAEA, ILO,
ICRU, NCRP's recommendations, philosophy and
objectives of radiation protection, radiation hazards, external and internal
radiation, exposure from man made sources and nuclear installations, medical
exposure, low-level exposure, maximum permissible dose, basic radiation safety
criteria, basic safety standards, safety regulations in nuclear installations,
radiation safety and legal aspects in transport of radioactive materials,
radio-active waste disposal, radiation protection in diagnostic radiology,
therapy and nuclear medicine.
Phy 6111 Basic Anatomy and Physiology Credit :
3
Feature of medical terminology,
Cells and metabolism, Skeleton and muscles system, Ligament, Joint, Heart and circulatory
system, breathing system, Alimentary canal(deigestive
system), Urigenital system, Water and electrolyte
balance in the body, Endocrine system, Blood producing organs, Brain and
nervous systems, Sense organs, Skin.
C : Courses
in Atmospheric Physics
Phy 6201 Basic
Atmospheric Physics Credit - 3
Structure and composition of the atmosphere,
Atmospheric parameters, Physical properties of gases, Solar and terrestrial
radiation, Radiative transfer, Heat balance of the
terrestrial atmosphere, Thermodynamics of the atmosphere, T-P diagram, Elements
of cloud physics, Atmospheric instruments, Meteorological analysis, Synoptic
chart, etc., Analysis of 500, 300 and 200 mb charts,
Combined analysis using conventional data and satellite images.
Phy 6202 Dynamical
and Tropical Meteorology Credit - 3
Geophysical fluid dynamics: Navier-Stoke's equation, Rotating and stratified flow,
Scale analysis, Hydrostatic approximation, Coriolis
force, Geopotential etc., Gradient and thermal wind, Vorticity and circulation theorems, Proudmen-Tauylor
theorem, Atmospheric wave, Atmospheric turbulence, Barotroic
and baroclinic instabilities, Numerical weather
fore-casting, Quasi-geotropic approximation, Barotropic
vorticity equation, Primitive equation, Multilayered
models, Tropical cyclones, Norwesters and tornadoes.
The monsoons, Dynamical climatology, Physics of upper atmosphere: Geomagnetism,
Neutral atmosphere, Ionosphere and magnetosphere.
Phy 6203 Monsoon
Meteorology and Modelling Credit - 3
Survey of tropical disturbance, Monsoon climeterology, Zonally
averaged tropical circulation, Meridinal and zonal
asymmetries, Radiative process in the tropics,
Tropical cloud physics.
Tropical boundary layer,
Tropical cyclone theories, Monsoon modelling, Monsoon
depressions and Monsoon rainfall.
Phy 6204 Remote
Sensing and GIS Credit - 3
Fundamentals of remote sensing, Sensors,
Optical mehcanical scanner, Cameras for remote
sensing, Remote sensing satellites, Geostationary meteorological satellite,
Data used in remote sensing, Procedure of data analysis, Calibration and
validation, Satellite image processing systems, Generation of thematic maps,
Stereoscopy, Atmospheric and geometric corrections, Coordinate transformation, Collinearity equation, Resampling
and interpolation, Application of remote sensing, Cyclone monitoring, Vegitation map, Estimation of precipitation, Geographic
information system (GIS), GIS and remote sensing, Basic function of GIS, GIS
information infrastructure, GIS hardware and software, Special query and
analysis.
Phy 6205 Climatology I Credit - 3
Concept of weather and climate, Climatic elements, Climatic factors, Cause of seasons, Climatology of (Temperature, Rainfall, Thunderstorm, Drought, Wind) Bangladesh, Global distribution of insolation, Albedo of different surfaces, Air temperature, Mean sea level pressure and wind, Diurnal and annual variations of surface air temperature at different latitudes and over the globe, Global distribution of precipitation, Global Heat Budget, Diurnal and annual variation of precipitation, Global distribution of atmospheric perils, Air masses, their classifications, source regions, modification and associated weather, El Nino, La Nina, Southern Oscillation, Madden-Julian Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole Oscillation, Northern Annular Mode or Arctic Oscillation, Northern Pacific Index, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation.
Phy 6206 Climatology II Credit - 3
Background on climate and general wind circulation, Climatic classification, Koppen, thornthwaite etc, Fundamental meteorological factors affecting the climate, Past climate revealed by meteorological observation, Methods of palaeoclimatology, Possible causes of climatic change, Introduction to climate system, Role of greenhouse gases, Global warming, Sea level rise, Effects of climate extremes, Statistical background for climate variability, Modes of climate variability including NAO, ENSO, Impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on climate, Equilibrium in climate change parameters, Sensitivity of feedback mechanisms, Concept of climate change models, Energy cycle, Tropical Ocean and their role in climate control, Physical processes in general circulation.
Phy 6207 Radar Meteorology Credit - 3
Electromagnetic waves and its propagation and interaction, Radar technologies (radar hardware: transmitter, modulator, waveguide, antenna, receiver), Different types of radar, Radar displays, Radar equation for point and distributed targets (radar target: spherical target, birds, aircraft, buildings, water towers and radio towers), Plan position indicator (PPI), Range height indicator (RHI); Radar reflectivity, Radar reflectivity factor (Z), Z-R relationship, Attenuation, Inversions, Ground cluttering, Meteorological target and its measurement (cloud, rain, snow, bright band and hail), Observations of winds, Doppler velocity measurement, Observations of fair weather, Advanced uses of meteorological radar (rainfall measurement, dual-wavelength radar, polarization diversity, dual-Doppler processing), Next generation radar (NEXRAD).
Phy 6208 Atmospheric Modeling and Data Assimilation Credit - 3
The Governing Equations, Atmospheric equations of motion on spherical coordinates, Basic wave oscillations in the atmosphere, Shallow-water equations, Filtering approximations, Primitive equations and vertical coordinates, global and regional models, Nonhydrostatic models, Numerical discretization, initial value problems, Boundary value problems, Boundary conditions for regional models, Sub-grid scale physical processes and Reynolds averaging, Model parameterizations, Data assimilation and least squares methods, Optimal interpolation and 3D-Var, Ensemble Kalman filter.
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